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如何修复 Python3 TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for &: bytes and bytes

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问题：

你想在 Python 中对 bytes() 数组执行按位布尔操作，但你看到类似这样的错误消息

typeerror_bytes_and_bytes.txt
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for &: 'bytes' and 'bytes'

or

typeerror_bytes_or_bytes.txt
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for |: 'bytes' and 'bytes'

or

typeerror_bytes_xor_bytes.txt
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ^: 'bytes' and 'bytes'

解决方案

Python 无法直接对字节数组执行按位操作。但是，你可以使用如何在 Python3 中对 bytes() 执行按位布尔操作中的代码：

bitwise_bytes_ops.py
def bitwise_and_bytes(a, b):
    result_int = int.from_bytes(a, byteorder="big") & int.from_bytes(b, byteorder="big")
    return result_int.to_bytes(max(len(a), len(b)), byteorder="big")

def bitwise_or_bytes(a, b):
    result_int = int.from_bytes(a, byteorder="big") | int.from_bytes(b, byteorder="big")
    return result_int.to_bytes(max(len(a), len(b)), byteorder="big")

def bitwise_xor_bytes(a, b):
    result_int = int.from_bytes(a, byteorder="big") ^ int.from_bytes(b, byteorder="big")
    return result_int.to_bytes(max(len(a), len(b)), byteorder="big")

# 示例用法：

a = bytes([0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03])
b = bytes([0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0xff])

print(bitwise_and_bytes(a, b)) # b'\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x03'
print(bitwise_or_bytes(a, b)) # b'\\x03\\x03\\x03\\xff'
print(bitwise_xor_bytes(a, b)) # b'\\x03\\x03\\x03\\xfc'
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