如何修复 pytest E ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ...

问题

在你的项目中运行 pytest 时,你看到以下错误消息:

pytest_import_error.txt
________ ERROR collecting test/test_Algorithms.py ________
ImportError while importing test module '/home/uli/dev/MyModule/test/test_Algorithms.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
/usr/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py:126: in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
test/test_Algorithms.py:3: in <module>
    from MyModule.Algorithms import Algorithms
E   ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MyModule'

解决方案

在你的 tests 目录中,创建 __init__.py

create_tests_init.sh
touch tests/__init__.py

在不常见的情况下,如果这不起作用,你可能需要将项目根目录添加到 PYTHONPATH

run_pytest_with_pythonpath.sh
PYTHONPATH=. pytests

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